Within the nucleus of a cell lies chromosomes, which consist of proteins with long strands of DNA wrapped around it. Each strand of DNA is comprised of a phosphate backbone and 4 nitrogenous bases. These bases are Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine, and Thymine. Two strands of DNA run parallel to each other and bind based off of the Nitrogenous bases present. The base pairing rule states that only Guanine and Cytosine can bond with each other and only Adenine and Thymine can bond with each other.
Directly below is a visual representation of DNA.
Directly below is a visual representation of DNA.
Bases are split into groups of 3 known as codons (As seen below), and each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid that can be used later on by functional proteins known as enzymes in order to produce proteins that will build up your body.